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The concept of 'reasonable force' in investigations is best defined as the appropriate level of force used to perform an action without excessive aggression. This principle is rooted in the idea that any force applied should be proportional to the circumstances at hand, taking into account the context of the situation, the threat level, and the necessity of the action.

When conducting an investigation or making an arrest, law enforcement personnel are trained to assess the situation carefully and to use only the amount of force that is necessary to achieve their objective while ensuring that they do not escalate the situation unnecessarily. This is critical not only to promote safety for all parties involved but also to uphold legal and ethical standards.

The other answers, while related to the concept of force, focus on specific aspects or interpretations that do not encompass the full meaning of 'reasonable force.' For example, emphasizing the maximum amount of force allowed during an arrest disregards the need for proportionality and appropriateness. Similarly, discussing force used solely to protect officers or focusing only on apprehending a fleeing suspect often overlooks the broader view of what is deemed reasonable in various scenarios faced during investigations. Effective law enforcement relies on a balance of authority and restraint, which is precisely captured in the definition focusing on appropriate levels of force.